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Analytical Procedures - Analytical Methods
March 31, 2003
Introduction
There is often a requirement to analyze sulphuric acid for a
number of elements in order to determine its quality and purity. There are many
different methods available for analyzing the acid for these trace elements. The
detection limit and accuracy of the analysis will depend on the method used, sample
preparation, reagents, etc. The following table presents suggested test methods,
detection limits and accuracy for the elements most commonly measured in sulphuric acid.
Element |
Test Method |
Detection
Limit |
Accuracy |
| Aluminium |
Al |
AA (Flame) |
0.1 ppm |
± 10% |
| Antimony |
Sb |
AA
(hydride/cold vapour) |
0.005 ppm |
± 5% |
| Arsenic |
As |
AA
(hydride/cold vapour) |
0.005 ppm |
± 5% |
| Bismuth |
Bi |
AA
(hydride/cold vapour) |
0.01 ppm |
± 5% |
| Cadmium |
Cd |
AA (Flame) |
0.02 ppm |
± 10% |
| Chlorine |
Cl |
Turbidmetric |
1.0 ppm |
± 5% |
| Chromium |
Cr |
AA (Flame) |
0.05 ppm |
± 10% |
| Cobalt |
Co |
AA (Flame) |
0.02 ppm |
± 10% |
| Copper |
Cu |
AA (Flame) |
0.02 ppm |
± 10% |
| Fluorine |
F |
Ion Selective
Electrode |
1.0 ppm |
± 5% |
| Iron |
Fe |
AA (Flame) |
1.0 ppm |
± 5% |
| Lead |
Pb |
AA (Flame) |
0.05 ppm |
± 10% |
| Manganese |
Mn |
AA (Flame) |
0.02 ppm |
± 10% |
| Mercury |
Hg |
AA
(hydride/cold vapour) |
0.01 ppm |
± 5% |
| Nickel |
Ni |
AA (Flame) |
0.02 ppm |
± 10% |
| Potassium |
K |
AA (Flame) |
0.5 ppm |
± 5% |
| Selenium |
Se |
AA (hydride/cold
vapour) |
0.005 ppm |
± 5% |
| Silver |
Ag |
AA (Flame) |
0.05 ppm |
± 10% |
| Sodium |
Na |
AA (Flame) |
0.5 ppm |
± 5% |
| Tellurium |
Te |
AA
(hydride/cold vapour) |
0.01 ppm |
± 5% |
| Tin |
Sn |
AA (Flame) |
0.2 ppm |
± 10% |
| Titanium |
Ti |
AA (Flame) |
0.1 ppm |
± 10% |
| Vanadium |
V |
AA (Flame) |
0.1 ppm |
± 10% |
| Zinc |
Zn |
AA (Flame) |
0.01 ppm |
± 10% |
| Nitrates |
NOx |
Colourimetric |
1.0 ppm |
± 5% |
| Ammonia |
NH4 |
Colourimetric |
0.5 ppm |
± 5% |
| Colour |
- |
Colourimetric |
1.0 Platinum
Cobalt Colour Units |
± 2% |
| Acid
Concentration |
- |
Titration |
< 1% |
± 0.05% |
| Sulphur
Dioxide |
SO2 |
Titration |
1 ppm |
± 5% |
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