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| Sulphuric Acid on the WebTM | Technical Manual | DKL Engineering, Inc. |
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Knowledge for the
Sulphuric Acid Industry Introduction |
Sulphuric Acid - NEWS 2007 December 12, 2007 - TORONTO - SNC-Lavalin has won a $60-million contract from a division of Glencore International AG to handle engineering and procurement for a sulphuric acid plant in eastern Kazakhstan. The acid plant, part of Glencore unit Kazzinc JSC's new copper smelter, will capture sulphur dioxide from the smelting process and use the gas to make sulphuric acid. SNC said Wednesday that work is set to start immediately and the plant is to enter full operation in late 2009. DuPont to pay $250,000 for pollution violationsDecember 10, 2007 - Faulty pollution calculations will cost the DuPont Co. more than $250,000 in fines and penalties at its sulfuric acid recycling plant near Delaware City, under a settlement plan released by state officials today. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control officials said DuPont’s Red Lion acid plant, inside Valero's Delaware City Refinery, consistently released more nitrogen oxides than its permit allowed since mid-2006. Nitrogen oxide pollution helps to form smog and fine soot, environmental and health problems that Delaware has worked to reduce for years. DNREC’s permit for the plant limited the company to 12.2 tons of nitrogen oxides for any 12 month period. State tests showed that plant releases ranged from 13 to 16.1 tons annually. DuPont officials blamed the higher rates on mistaken use of pollution rates at a similar plant in another state to estimate emissions from the Red Lion operation. Company officials have since requested a 9.8 ton per year increase, while offering to surrender 12 tons per year of pollution rights from the company’s closed Holly Run site. Carbon monoxide emissions also will be reduced at Delaware City by 10 tons per year. “On balance, it’s a fair way to resolve the issue,” said plant manager John Jeffries. DNREC agreed to consider the permit amendment, which could require a public hearing. The agency also required the company to pay a $50,000 fine, and to contribute $200,000 to a state program that supports the installation of pollution control systems on diesel trucks and buses. DuPont’s operation replaced a refinery-owned complex that released far more sulfur dioxide gas and sulfate containing wastewater than the Red Lion operation. Japan to build fertiliser complex in Jordan
October 18, 2007 -
Jordan Phosphate Mines Company and Japan's Mitsubishi Corporation signed a deal
to build a $300 million fertiliser complex to bolster the former's downstream
push, industry executives said on Wednesday. They told Reuters a memorandum of
understanding was signed in Tokyo this week to proceed with constructing the
complex near the main Shidiya phosphate mine, in the south of the kingdom. The
complex will have the capacity to produce 10,000 tonnes daily of phosphoric acid
and 3,000 tonnes of sulphuric acid from the Shidiya mine that has an estimated
1.3 billion tonnes in deposits of phosphate rock, with at least 810 million
proven. The project, due to be constructed by 2010, will bolster the fortunes
of JPMC, the world's sixth biggest phosphate producer, to process its large
phosphate rock reserves. October 10, 2007 – Finland -
Outotec has been awarded a contract to supply a new zinc roasting plant
including gas cleaning and sulfuric acid plant on turnkey basis for Votorantim
Metais to be built in Cajamarquilla, Peru. The contract value exceeds EUR 80
million. Nyrstar Completes Transfer of Zinc and Lead Smelting Assets from Umicore and Zinifex September 3, 2007 – Brussels, Belgium – Nystar today announced that as of 31 August 2007 it had taken ownership of the zinc and lead smelting and alloying assests of Umicore and Zinifex, thereby formally launching the company and creating the world’s largest zinc producer. Outotec to supply technology for a zinc smelter in Bulgaria August 29, 2007 – Finland -
Outotec has been awarded a contract for the supply of a new zinc roaster with
gas cleaning and sulfuric acid plant for OZK Kardzhali, the second biggest zinc
smelter in Bulgaria. The contract value is approximately EUR 25 million. Doe Run Peru Begins Engineering on Third Sulfuric Acid Plant in La Oroya; New $71 Million Plant Expected to Help Further Reduce Emissions August 29, 2007 - La Oroya, Peru
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Doe Run Peru said Monday it has begun the engineering design phase of a $71
million sulfuric acid plant for the copper circuit at the company's La Oroya
metallurgical facility. The new plant, which is
scheduled to be operational in late 2009, is expected to further reduce
emissions at the La Oroya metallurgical complex and bring them well below
governmental limits. Earlier this year Doe Run
Peru announced that lead and arsenic emissions from the 80-year-old facility are
down to within monthly Peruvian environmental guidelines. The
new plant is the third and final stage of the last of nine projects encompassed
under Doe Run Peru's environmental operating agreement with the Peruvian
government (known by its Spanish acronym, PAMA). Earlier stages of the sulfuric
acid project included upgrades to the zinc circuit plant (completed at the end
of 2006) and the construction of the lead circuit plant (begun in July 2007).
Bateman Engineering wins 100 mln usd contract with Dynatec Madagascar August 9, 2007 - LONDON - Bateman Engineering NV said it has signed a contract with Dynatec Madagascar SA worth about 100 mln usd to provide sulphuric acid facilities for its Ambatovy Nickel project in Madagascar. The contract covers the design, engineering and procurement of a single sulphur melting and filtration circuit with two separate 2,750 tonnes per day sulphuric acid plants. 'This contract is the first 'greenfield' sulphuric acid plant to be built by Bateman Engineering in the recent past and therefore marks an important re-entry into this significant utility market ...,' chief executive Sivi Gounden said in a statement. The process engineering will be undertaken in collaboration with Canadian technology company Noram Engineering and Constructors Ltd, who hold the underlying process technology. Bateman Engineering has a long-term technology licence agreement with Noram. The engineering and procurement project will start immediately with mechanical completion of the first of the two sulphuric acid plants scheduled for September 2009. The first sulphuric acid plant will be commissioned immediately thereafter and the second one about three months later. Doe Run Peru Begins Construction of Sulfuric Acid Plant for La Oroya Lead Circuit July 25, 2007 - La Oroya, Peru - Doe Run Peru has begun construction of a lead circuit sulfuric acid plant that will allow for the continued reduction of emissions of sulfur dioxide from the La Oroya smelter chimney, part of the company's continued commitment to improve air quality in La Oroya and meet its commitments with the Peruvian government and the local community. The plant is the second of three related sulfuric acid projects (the first for the zinc circuit, has already been completed; the second for the lead circuit; and the third for the copper circuit), which comprise the last of nine projects undertaken under Doe Run Peru’s environmental operating agreement with the government (known by its Spanish initials, PAMA). “This project carries an investment of more than $29 million. Its operation will involve the completion of a series of complementary projects we are carrying out concurrently,” said Juan Carlos Huyhua, president and general manager of Doe Run Peru. Those projects include completing updates to the effluents treatment plan, the electric substation that will power the acid plant, and in particular, the construction of a warehouse and dispatch terminal for the sulfuric acid that is produced as the sulfur dioxide is drawn out of the plant, Huyhua added. Once the lead circuit’s acid plant is operational, Doe Run Peru expects to significantly reduce its emissions of sulfur dioxide. Construction of the lead circuit plant is expected to be completed in September of 2008, according to a timetable approved by Peruvian government officials. Engineering work on the project began in October of 2006 and is being carried out by Fleck Chemical Industries of Canada and Graña y Montero of Peru. Equipment purchases for the facility began earlier this year. Doe Run Peru’s total PAMA investment well surpasses the $107.5 million the company agreed to when it arrived to Peru in 1997. When all the projects are completed, which is on track for October of 2009, Doe Run Peru will have spent more than $244 million, approximately 2.3 times the original commitment. Agreement signed to manufacture chemical fertilisers in Jordan July 25, 2007 - AMMAN (Petra) — A Jordanian-Bahraini agreement for the
establishment of a complex to manufacture chemical fertilisers was signed
Wednesday. The joint project will be established
in Al Wadi Al Abeid, in the southern part of the Kingdom at a cost of $65
million. Punj Lloyd Group signs up for new AHF/AIF3 plant in UAE July 21, 2007 - Simon Carves Limited,
a subsidiary of Punj Lloyd Limited (PLL), a global EPC
services provider in energy and infrastructure domains, has signed an agreement
with Abu Dhabi based Gulf Fluor to provide a new Anhydrous Hydrofluoric Acid (AHF)
/ Aluminium Fluoride (AlF3) Plant incorporating a new Sulphuric Acid / Oleum
Plant as part of a Dh2 billion Fluorides Complex to be built in UAE. DuPont agrees to spend $66 million to reduce air pollution at four plants July 20, 2007 - Dallas, Texas - The Department of
Justice and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced a settlement today
with E.I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co. that is expected to reduce more than 13,000
tons of harmful emissions annually from four sulfuric acid production plants in
Louisiana, Virginia, Ohio and Kentucky. Xstrata starts P4 expansion works at Altonorte – Chile July 4, 2007 - Switzerland-based resources group Xstrata's (LSE: XTA) copper division has started construction of a phase 4 expansion at its Altonorte smelter in Chile's region II, according to a company statement. The expansion has received approval by regional environmental authority Corema. The US$58mn operational upgrade will raise output capacity by roughly 31%, from some 290,000t/y copper anode to 380,000t/y, with sulfuric acid output rising to 1.1Mt/y from 800,000t/y, according to Xstrata. Altonorte is investing another US$14mn to install double contacts in its new sulfuric acid plant to increase the capture of emissions to 95.5% from 93%, bringing the total cost of the expansion to US$72mn. Xstrata plans to invest a further US$28mn into various environmental upgrades for Altonorte over the next two years, including additional measures to capture emissions released into the atmosphere, and a smelter dust treatment plant. The expansion is due to be commissioned in the first quarter of 2009. FACT to close down Caprolactum, Ammonium Sulphate plants July 3, 2007 – Kochi - Following a steep hike in
the price of sulphur and rock phosphate, Fertiliser and Chemicals Travancore
(FACT) is halting production at its Caprolactum and Ammonium Sulphate plants
from this month, senior officials of the PSU said. ''We have given directions
for the two plants to be closed down. There has been a 100 per cent increase in
the cost of sulphur from US$89 a tonne to US$168, making the production cost
unbearably high,'' senior FACT officials told UNI here today. The price of
another raw material, rock phosphate, had also gone up from US$79 to US$125. Outotec Wins 270 Million Euro Order for Sulphuric Acid Plant in Saudi Arabia June 25, 2007 - Helsinki - Outotec said it has won an order to supply what will be the world's largest sulphuric acid production facility to Saudi firm Ma'aden. Ma'aden is investing some 370 mln eur in the project, with contracts worth 270 mln going to Outotec. The Finnish firm confirmed to Thomson Financial News in May it had secured a deal with Ma'aden. The complex, comprising three plants, is to be built in the Ras al-Zour area on the east coast of Saudi Arabia and will produce some 13,500 tonnes per day of sulphuric acid when it comes onstream in 2010. Outotec has chosen an unnamed construction firm to carry out the local portion of the work under a separate contract. "This significant mega-size project further confirms our market leadership in sulfuric acid technologies. We have been a major designer and supplier of sulfuric acid plants through Lurgi Metallurgie - the company we bought in 2001 - for more than 80 years, with a track record of over 600 plants installed worldwide. This contract is also a proof of our capabilities in implementation and management of large industrial projects. Furthermore, this shows Middle East's growing importance in large chemical and metallurgical plant investments due to the availability of competitive energy and robust financial structures", says Tapani Järvinen, President and CEO of Outotec. Doe Run Peru Begins Sulfuric Acid Plant for La Oroya Lead Circuit May 29, 2007 – La Oroya, Peru - Doe Run Peru has begun the equipment
purchasing process for a sulfuric acid plant designed to address health issues
at its La Oroya metallurgical facility. The facility is scheduled to be
completed in September of 2008. Rhodia ordered to make changes at eight sulfur plants April 26, 2007 – Rhodia will pay a $2 million penalty and spend about $50
million on air pollution controls at eight production plants in four states,
including two in Houston, as part of a U.S. Department of Justice settlement
over allegations that the company violated the Clean Air Act. The pollution
controls are expected to reduce harmful emissions from its production plants in
Texas, Louisiana, California and Indiana by 19,000 tons per year. Outokumpu Technology is Now Outotec Finland - April 24, 2007 - Outokumpu Technology Oyj has changed its name to Outotec Oyj as of today. New name Outotec unites all the company's businesses all over the world. Corporate logo, visual identity, website and e-mail addresses change accordingly. When Outokumpu Technology was listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange in October 2006, the company promised to change its name in order to distinguish itself from its former parent company Outokumpu. "Name Outotec reflects the company's development from Outokumpu's technology division, through expansion and several acquisitions, to an independent, listed company with own brand values and visual identity. We're known for innovativeness and environmentally sound proprietary technologies, many of which have become industry standards. The new name has a strong link to our past and the expertise our customers have learned to trust. Under name Outotec we will continue delivering 'More out of ore' to our stakeholders", Tapani Järvinen, President and CEO of Outotec, says. Kalgoorlie miner fined over sulphur dioxide levelsApril 19, 2007
- Mining company Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines has been fined $25,000 by
the Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) for a breach of its
operating licence nearly two years ago. The penalty was issued over an incident
in May 2005, when sulphur dioxide above permitted levels from the company's
Gidji roaster was detected at Coolgardie, about 30 kilometres away in south-east
Western Australia. A DEC spokesman, Wayne Astill, says the levels recorded on
the day were nearly twice as high as the licence limits. Sulphur shippers seek speedy stop to strike
OTTAWA, April 12, 2007 - The representative of more than 20 producers and shippers of sulphur in Western Canada is calling on all federal parties to protect jobs, health and safety and the environment, by immediately passing legislation that will bring a speedy end to the current CN rail labour disruptions. The continued strike actions by members of the United Transportation Union (UTU) and lockouts by CN are damaging the economy and creating unacceptable risks, says Sultran Ltd., which serves Canada's sulphur producers, marketers and suppliers by transporting 6 million tonnes of solid sulphur from production point to port each year. "This strike isn't just affecting shippers," says Lorne Friberg, President and CEO of Sultran. "It is affecting jobs, the economy, consumers and the environment. MPs must take quick action to protect Canadians and the Western economy." Friberg explained that if Sulphur can't be transported by rail, the only options are to store the product on-site at plants or shut down oil and gas production. "From an environmental, safety or economic perspective, neither is a sustainable solution. It's essential that Parliament act now," he says. In addition, Friberg warns that the continued rail disruptions jeopardize natural gas production. Sulphur is a co-product of natural gas, and the only way to stop sulphur production is to stop producing natural gas. "Cutting natural gas production will hurt the economy, hurt jobs and, most of all, hurt consumers," says Friberg. "We are still struggling to recover from the 14-day CN Strike this past February. These impacts are not weeks away, they are days away, unless Parliament takes action." Continued disruptions will force plants to store sulphur on-site as formed product or in storage blocks. As plants reach critical inventory levels, sulphur production will have to be significantly curtailed, which could result in a serious decrease (or elimination) of natural gas production. Friberg says that back-to-work legislation is nothing new, having been tabled in Parliament 31 times before now. In fact, the first federal back-to-work legislation ever passed ended the 1950 rail workers' strike, and railway back-to-work bills have been introduced on five subsequent occasions. Canada is the world's largest exporter of sulphur, with exports worth close to one-half billion dollars annually. Sultran relies on rail to transport sulphur to two tidewater terminals in Vancouver, an average distance of 1400 km from each exporting plant. Eight sulphur-forming plants rely exclusively on CN Rail. "We know that MPs can act swiftly if they want to protect jobs and the economy in Western Canada," Friberg says. "Six times before, back-to-work legislation has passed in a single day." The bottom line? "This country was built by rail and our economy still depends on it," Friberg says. "Canadians need our MPs to act now to restore full, uninterrupted rail service." Kinder Morgan to Purchase Terminal Assets at the Port of Vancouver, Canada HOUSTON, April 3, 2007 - Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P. (NYSE:
KMP) today announced it has entered into an agreement to purchase and
operate Vancouver Wharves, a bulk marine terminal, from British Columbia Railway
Company, a crown corporation owned by the Province of British Columbia. The
Vancouver Wharves facility, located at the entrance to the Port of Vancouver,
consists of five vessel berths situated on a 139-acre site. The terminal assets
include significant rail infrastructure, dry bulk and liquid storage, and
material handling systems which allow the terminal to handle over 3.5 million
tons of cargo annually. Vancouver Wharves also has access to three major rail
carriers connecting to shippers in western and central Canada, and the U.S.
Pacific Northwest. The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter
of 2007. Codelco aims to grow Gaby reserves - Chile February 27, 2007 -Chilean state-owned copper giant Codelco has been exploring for sulfides since January to extend the potential of its US$898mn Gaby project in region II, a Codelco spokesperson told BNamericas. By August, Codelco should know how much sulfide ore Gaby contains in order to update the project's reserves and economics, the spokesperson confirmed. Gaby's known reserves show roughly 584Mt grading 0.41% copper, enough to yield output of 150,000t/y copper cathode for 14 years. The project is set to kick off production in June 2008. The current resource base is almost entirely made up of oxide ore. The project is 40% complete and has demanded an investment so far of US$130mn, the Codelco source confirmed. On Tuesday, Codelco submitted an environmental impact assessment (EIA) to build a US$27mn sulfuric acid transport station and rail line to supply Gaby with 4,300t/d of acid, according to documents on environmental regulator Conama's website. The state-owned miner is considering the possibility of opening up 49% of Gaby to private investment when it starts. Codelco is the world's largest producer of copper with a direct output of 1.7Mt/y. Trial date set for CVRD Inco February 7, 2007 - A trial date in October has been set on charges filed by the Ministry of Environment against CVRD Inco relating to an incident in Greater Sudbury one year ago. A trial date of Oct. 4 and 5 was set at the Sudbury courthouse on charges of exceeding allowable levels of sulphur dioxide, causing adverse affects to the population and exceeding allowable levels causing adverse affects to the population. The ministry laid the charges against the mining company in relation to a sulphur dioxide plume inversion from the Copper Cliff smelter Feb. 11, 2006. The ministry alleges sulphur dioxide levels were exceeded at seven ground monitoring stations across Greater Sudbury that day. CVRD Inco has stated they will fight the charges. The company has stated strange weather patterns which were not normal for this time of year were responsible for allowable levels being exceeded. Adisseo Group Acquires Rhodia's Products
February 2, 2007 - Adisseo, a world-leading producer of nutritional additives and solutions used in animal feed, has acquired Rhodia's Sulphur and Regeneration Products business unit. This initiative supports Adisseo’s strategy to develop its presence in the market for methionine, an amino acid essential to animal feed, and of which the Group is already the world's leading producer. Rhodia's Sulphur and Regeneration Products business unit was in fact the leading supplier of sulphuric acid and sulphuric hydrogen used in the production of methionine. This activity reported annual sales of €47 million in 2005 and employs 70 people, primarily at its site in Les Roches de Condrieu (Isère department of France), where Adisseo manufactures intermediate products also used in the production of methionine. As Gérard Deman, Chairman of the Adisseo group, declared: "This acquisition enables us to strengthen our industrial production capability and to develop our competitiveness in the world methionine market, which is showing continued growth. The acquisition also adds a new, profitable and value-creating activity to the Adisseo group". New Gas Analyser Checks
Effects of Flue Gas SO3 Iran’s Comprehensive Copper Development Plan Unveiled TEHRAN, Jan. 9 – Production of 480,000 tons of cathode copper is one of the chief objectives envisaged in Fourth Development Plan (2005-2010), an official at Iranian Mines and Mineral Industries Development and Renovation Organization (IMIDRO) announced on Monday. A comprehensive development plan compiled and approved by the organization, calls for 13,267 billions rials of investment, planning and development deputy at IMIDRO noted, adding that erection of a 100,000-ton copper refinery and construction of a sulfuric acid unit at 750,000 tons are among the projects to be positioned around Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine in southeastern province of Kerman. A furnace unit to increase anode copper production to 120,000 tons and second phase of condensation plan to boost copper concentrate capacity to 200,000 tons are also defined for Sarcheshmeh in the general scheme, Ali Palizdar continued. In addition, East Azarbaijan Province is going to be home to another copper refinery, sulfuric acid block and furnace division with nominal capacities of 90,000 tons, 300,000 tons and 80,000 tons respectively. The second phase of condensation at Songon Plant in the province is to raise the concentrate production to 150,000 tons per annum, he said in conclusion.
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